Global burden of antimicrobial resistance in lower respiratory infections in 2021: a systematic analysis

The research evaluated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in lower respiratory infections (LRI) worldwide, using data from the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Burden 2021. The study found that in 2021, there were 20.89 deaths per 100,000 individuals associated with AMR in LRI, with the highest mortality rates in Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant S. pneumoniae and Carbapenem-resistant S. pneumoniae. Central Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest AMR burden, with mortality rates of 73.75 deaths per 100,000 individuals. The study concluded that AMR in LRI is a pressing global health issue, especially in developing countries and neonatal age groups.