Antibiotic resistance of urinary tract infection recurrences in a large U.S. integrated health care system 

A study at Kaiser Permanente Southern California found that antibiotic resistance is common in uropathogens for UTI recurrences. The study identified 148,994 individuals with a culture-confirmed index uncomplicated UTI, with 19% developing a subsequent UTI after 300 days. The proportion of UTI due to E. coli was highest for index UTI (79%) and decreased to 73% for sixth UTI (UTI 6). The proportion due to Klebsiella spp increased from index UTI (7%) to UTI 6 (11%). Non-susceptibility to ≥1 and ≥3 antibiotic classes was observed in 57% and 13% of index UTIs, respectively. Continuous monitoring of UTI recurrences and susceptibility patterns is needed to guide treatment decisions.