Changes in incidence and epidemiology of antimicrobial resistant pathogens before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, 2015–2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly reduced the incidence and epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Germany. The study used two independent datasets, statutory surveillance and laboratory-based Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance, to analyze the changes in AMR incidence and epidemiology. Results showed a -30% reduction in CRA notified cases in 2020, -23% in 2021, and a 32% increase in 2022 compared to pre-pandemic projections. Factors like fewer hospitalizations and reduced international mobility contributed to these changes.