Prevalence, regional distribution, and trends of antimicrobial resistance among female outpatients with urine Klebsiella spp. isolates: a multicenter evaluation in the United States between 2011 and 2019

This retrospective cohort study assessed the prevalence and geographic distribution of antimicrobial resistance among Klebsiella species and antimicrobial resistance trends for K. pneumoniae in the United States from 2011-2019. The study evaluated 270,552 Klebsiella species isolates from female outpatients with presumed uncomplicated urinary tract infections. The most frequent resistance phenotypes in 2019 were nitrofurantoin not susceptible and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole not susceptible. The study found a high antimicrobial resistance prevalence and increasing trends among K. pneumoniae isolates, suggesting that awareness of this resistance can optimize empiric treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infections.